/**
 * A 3D Cartesian point.
 * @alias Cartesian3
 * @constructor
 *
 * @param {number} [x=0.0] The X component.
 * @param {number} [y=0.0] The Y component.
 * @param {number} [z=0.0] The Z component.
 *
 * @see Cartesian2
 * @see Cartesian4
 * @see Packable
 */
function Cartesian3(x, y, z) {
  /**
   * The X component.
   * @type {number}
   * @default 0.0
   */
  this.x = defaultValue(x, 0.0);

  /**
   * The Y component.
   * @type {number}
   * @default 0.0
   */
  this.y = defaultValue(y, 0.0);

  /**
   * The Z component.
   * @type {number}
   * @default 0.0
   */
  this.z = defaultValue(z, 0.0);
}
/**
 * Computes the provided Cartesian's squared magnitude.
 *
 * @param {Cartesian3} cartesian The Cartesian instance whose squared magnitude is to be computed.
 * @returns {number} The squared magnitude.
 */
Cartesian3.magnitudeSquared = function (cartesian) {
  return (
    cartesian.x * cartesian.x +
    cartesian.y * cartesian.y +
    cartesian.z * cartesian.z
  );
};

/**
 * Computes the Cartesian's magnitude (length).
 *
 * @param {Cartesian3} cartesian The Cartesian instance whose magnitude is to be computed.
 * @returns {number} The magnitude.
 */
Cartesian3.magnitude = function (cartesian) {
  return Math.sqrt(Cartesian3.magnitudeSquared(cartesian));
};

const distanceScratch = new Cartesian3();

/**
 * Computes the distance between two points.
 *
 * @param {Cartesian3} left The first point to compute the distance from.
 * @param {Cartesian3} right The second point to compute the distance to.
 * @returns {number} The distance between two points.
 *
 * @example
 * // Returns 1.0
 * const d = Cesium.Cartesian3.distance(new Cesium.Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), new Cesium.Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0));
 */
Cartesian3.distance = function (left, right) {
  Cartesian3.subtract(left, right, distanceScratch);
  return Cartesian3.magnitude(distanceScratch);
};

/**
 * Computes the normalized form of the supplied Cartesian.
 *
 * @param {Cartesian3} cartesian The Cartesian to be normalized.
 * @param {Cartesian3} result The object onto which to store the result.
 * @returns {Cartesian3} The modified result parameter.
 */
Cartesian3.normalize = function (cartesian, result) {
  const magnitude = Cartesian3.magnitude(cartesian);
  result.x = cartesian.x / magnitude;
  result.y = cartesian.y / magnitude;
  result.z = cartesian.z / magnitude;

  return result;
};

/**
 * Computes the dot (scalar) product of two Cartesians.
 *
 * @param {Cartesian3} left The first Cartesian.
 * @param {Cartesian3} right The second Cartesian.
 * @returns {number} The dot product.
 */
Cartesian3.dot = function (left, right) {
  return left.x * right.x + left.y * right.y + left.z * right.z;
};

/**
 * Computes the componentwise sum of two Cartesians.
 *
 * @param {Cartesian3} left The first Cartesian.
 * @param {Cartesian3} right The second Cartesian.
 * @param {Cartesian3} result The object onto which to store the result.
 * @returns {Cartesian3} The modified result parameter.
 */
Cartesian3.add = function (left, right, result) {
  result.x = left.x + right.x;
  result.y = left.y + right.y;
  result.z = left.z + right.z;
  return result;
};

/**
 * Computes the componentwise difference of two Cartesians.
 *
 * @param {Cartesian3} left The first Cartesian.
 * @param {Cartesian3} right The second Cartesian.
 * @param {Cartesian3} result The object onto which to store the result.
 * @returns {Cartesian3} The modified result parameter.
 */
Cartesian3.subtract = function (left, right, result) {
  result.x = left.x - right.x;
  result.y = left.y - right.y;
  result.z = left.z - right.z;
  return result;
};

/**
 * Multiplies the provided Cartesian componentwise by the provided scalar.
 *
 * @param {Cartesian3} cartesian The Cartesian to be scaled.
 * @param {number} scalar The scalar to multiply with.
 * @param {Cartesian3} result The object onto which to store the result.
 * @returns {Cartesian3} The modified result parameter.
 */
Cartesian3.multiplyByScalar = function (cartesian, scalar, result) {
  result.x = cartesian.x * scalar;
  result.y = cartesian.y * scalar;
  result.z = cartesian.z * scalar;
  return result;
};

/**
 * Computes the cross (outer) product of two Cartesians.
 *
 * @param {Cartesian3} left The first Cartesian.
 * @param {Cartesian3} right The second Cartesian.
 * @param {Cartesian3} result The object onto which to store the result.
 * @returns {Cartesian3} The cross product.
 */
Cartesian3.cross = function (left, right, result) {
  const leftX = left.x;
  const leftY = left.y;
  const leftZ = left.z;
  const rightX = right.x;
  const rightY = right.y;
  const rightZ = right.z;

  const x = leftY * rightZ - leftZ * rightY;
  const y = leftZ * rightX - leftX * rightZ;
  const z = leftX * rightY - leftY * rightX;

  result.x = x;
  result.y = y;
  result.z = z;
  return result;
};
function defaultValue(a, b) {
  if (a !== undefined && a !== null) {
    return a;
  }
  return b;
}